Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus). This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of your esophagus. Many people experience acid reflux from time to time. However, when acid reflux happens repeatedly over time, it can cause GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease).
Common Symptoms
Most people experience heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that usually occurs after eating, which might be worse at night or while lying down.
Other signs and symptoms include:
- Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
- Upper abdominal or chest pain
- Trouble swallowing (dysphagia)
- Sensation of a lump in your throat
If you have nighttime acid reflux, you might also experience:
- An ongoing cough
- Inflammation of the vocal cords (laryngitis)
- New or worsening asthma
When to See a Doctor
Seek immediate medical help if you have chest pain, especially if you also have shortness of breath, or jaw or arm pain. These may be signs and symptoms of a heart attack.
Make an appointment with your doctor if you experience:
- Severe or frequent GERD symptoms
- You take over-the-counter medications for heartburn more than twice a week
- You have difficulty swallowing
- You have nausea or vomiting
- You experience weight loss due to poor appetite or difficulty eating
Lifestyle Changes
You may be able to manage acid reflux with some lifestyle changes, including:
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Stopping smoking
- Elevating the head of your bed
- Not lying down after a meal
- Eating food slowly and chewing thoroughly
- Avoiding foods and drinks that trigger reflux
- Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
If lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications do not help, it is crucial to consult a specialist to prevent complications like esophageal damage or Barrett's esophagus.